Brahagupata’s most major contribution to the modern science and technology was – how to use
the number zero in the mathematical calculations that is mostly used as a base to calculate
every field. He has also formed all the set of rules that exists in the mathematics for the positive
and negative number in the addition to forming all the rules for using the zeros in calculations
and that also has become the primary basis of the mathematics and rest of all the field including
the economics, physics, astronomy, finance, chemistry and so on…
Brahmagupta also gave the solution of the entire general linear that is used in chapter
eighteen of the Brahmasphutasiddhanta,
bx + c = dx + e equivalent to the x =(e−c)/(b-d)
In the chapter eighteen of the Brahmasphutasiddhanta, Brahmagupta also describes
operations on the negative numbers. He has first described the addition and
subtraction,
18.30 (Additions)
· 3 + 4 = 7 (a positive number)
· -3 + (-4) = -7 (a negative number)
· -3 + 4 = 1 (positive number)
· 3 + (-4) = -1 (negative number)
· -3 + 3 = 0 (zero when both positive and negative numbers are same)
· -3 + 0 = -3 (negative number)
· 3 + 0 = 3 (positive number)
· 0 + 0 = 0 (no difference)
18.32 (subtractions)
· -3 – 0 = -3 (negative number)
· 3 – 0 = 3 (positive number)
· 0 – 0 = 0 (no difference)
· 3 – (-4) = 7 (negative number is added)
· -3 – 4 = – 7 (negative number is added)
18.33(Multiplication)
· 3 * – 4 = – 12 (one negative and one positive product becomes negative
number)
· 3 * – 4 = 12 (two negative becomes positive)
· 3 * 0 = 0 (any number multiplied with zero is zero)
18.34 (Division)
· 3
—- = 1 (positive number)
3
· – 3
—- = 1 (positive number)
-3
· 0
— = 0 (zero)
0
· 3
— = -1
-3
· -3
— = -1
3
· √0 = 0
· 0 2 = 0
· 0
—- = 0
0
· 3
· —- = undefined
· 0
Except the last definition of the zero, we have used all his rules in the modern
mathematics.
